Both white and Negro Baptists in North Carolina co-operated in organ- izing the “New Era Institute," a one=day training session which met

66

every other week throughout the different districts. The various Negro Baptist associations were active in establishing schools for their own race after the Civil War, having established 18 secondary schools by 1907. Fifteen of these were established before the turn of the century. In some instances the white Baptists cosoperated in the establishment and support of the schools.62 Negro Methodists also helped educate the North Carolinians of

their race. The African Methodist Episcopal Church (A. M. E.) and the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (A. M. E. Zion) Were organized

in the North in 1816 and 1821, respectively, because of dissatisfaction

with racial discrimination within the Methodist Episcopal Church, from

which the new Negro church members came.68‘ Only after the Civil war

had begun did these two churches move into the South.69 In 1886 the A. M. E. Church established Kittrel College, a normal and industrial

school, at Kittrel, North Carolina.70 The A. M. E. Zion Church

661bid., p. 66. 67Ibid., pp. 166:168. 68Grant 8. Shockley, ”The A. M. E. and the A. M. E. Zion

Churches," The History of American Methodism, edited by Emory Stevens Bucke (New York: Abingdon Press, 1964), II, 526, 556.

69Thrift, op. cit., p. 280.

7OBrown, 33° cit., p. 82.