Ground based LiDAR scanning provides an innovative technique for investigating partially buried architectural structures in Southern Peru. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of ground-based LiDAR for elucidating the nature of archaeological structures with vestiges of architecture remaining on the surface. Microtopographic mapping provides evidence for subsurface architecture as well as documentation of elements of preserved standing constructions. We evaluate the potential for LiDAR to provide data on submerged structures as a complement to geophysical and excavation techniques. We also examine LiDAR's role in documenting erosional processes and in enhancing monitoring of destruction to monumental archaeological sites. Two sites are examined as case studies: the Inka (1450-1532 CE) administrative center of Sabaya and the Wari (600-1000 CE) administrative center at Cerro Baúl.
